如何在 Debian 上手动安装 MariaDB, 个人安装记录

引入

MariaDB 是 一款开源关系数据库软件, MySQL的开源分支. 在部分方面的性能强于MySQL

安装及配置

准备

安装环境：

Debian 10 64-bit

执行以下指令，配置软件源

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apt install -y apt-transport-https
curl -sS https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb_repo_setup | bash
apt update

安装主程序

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apt-get install -y mariadb-server

等待安装完成即可.

配置

执行

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mysql_secure_installation

显示内容如下，按问题键入对应选项

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NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):

首次使用默认无密码, 按回车跳过

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OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody
can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.

You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n]

上述表示root账户已保护, 可以按N跳过

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Enabled successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!
Change the root password? [Y/n] y

按Y进入MariaDB root账户密码修改,修改要求输入密码两次, 此处不做赘述

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By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y

是否删除匿名用户 是(Y)

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 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y

禁止远程登录, 建议是(Y)

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 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y

删除默认的测试库, 建议是(Y)

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Dropping test database...
... Success!

Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y

重新加载权限表使设置生效, 是(Y)

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... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

至此, 安装结束.

测试连接

键入指令 进行登录测试

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mysql -uroot -pYourpassword